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Fiqh of Hadith I |
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The general course objectives are summed up as follows:
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- To learn the Prophetic Hadīths as a science (narrations and types) with regard to purification, Zakāh, Hajj (pilgrimage), `Umrah (lesser pilgrimage), fasting, and transactions.
- To understand the status of the Prophetic hadīth, in conjunction with Qur’ānic verses, on important topics such as prayer, its times, the adhān (call to prayer), Jummah (Friday prayer), and `Īds (celebrated days).
- To distinguish Prophetic Hadīth from the Qur’ān in topics relevant to prayer, its times, the adhān, Friday prayer, and`ĪdsEid prayers.
- To be able to recognize fabricated hadīths concerning purification, prayer, fasting, Zakāh, Hajj, and `Umrah.
- To closely emulate the personality of Allah`s Messenger (peace be upon him) in his purification, performance of prayer, Zakāh, fasting, Hajj and `Umrah.
- To be able to deducelegal rulings from the Prophetic Hadīth.
- By studying Hadīth, the student develops religious motivation in his heart.
- The study of Hadīth develops a linguistic and intellectual wealth for the student
| The First Objective: The aim of this course is to teach students the nature of the Prophetic hadīths. Students will learn the ways early Muslims narrated, recorded, and preserved them over time. Students will learn about the status and ranking of hadīths. By studying this, students will learn about the most prominent scholars of Hadīth who exerted great efforts in narrating, verifying, and explaining Hadīth during their lives. |
| The Second Objective: The study of Hadīth jurisprudence enables students to understand the status Prophetic Hadīth as the most important source of Islamic Sharī`ah after the Noble Qur’ān. In the Hadīth one can find details and explanations for abridged rulings present in the Qur’ān. In addition, the Hadīth is a source of elite guidance for Muslims, for it embodies the personality of the most righteous of all mankind, our Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Hadīth is also used in the daily lives of Muslims as a practical handbook for organizing business, trade, jtravel, war, transactions, and details pertaining to Muslim conduct which are not mentioned in the Qur’ān. |
| The Third Objective: Students will learn how to make distinctions between the Prophetic Hadīth and the Noble Qur’ān until the nature of each becomes clear to them. They will be expected to distinguish between the Holy Hadīth, the Prophetic Hadīth and the Noble Qur’ān. |
| The Fourth Objective: After reading this book, students should be able to identify fabricated hadīths or at least be able to form opinions or doubts regarding their authenticity. They should refrain from accepting them and acting upon them prior to verifying their authenticity. |
| The Fifth Objective: Students should emulate the actions of Allah`s Messenger (peace be upon him) and follow in his footsteps as much as possible. This can be achieved by (a) conviction that achieving a strong personality means striving for perfection (b) admiration for Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) and his companions and (c) Using the Prophetic hadīths to learn even the most meticulous features and personality of Allah`s Messenger (peace be upon him). |
| The Sixth Objective: Students will receive training on how to deduce legal from the Prophetic hadīths. This practice will have a deep influence on their minds and hearts. Hence, this course will instill in them vital intellectual faculties, not only while studying Hadīth, but also useful in all endeavors undertaken by the student. |
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The main Arabic sources
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Ibn Hajar Al-`Asqalani, Fath Al-Bari |
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Al-`Ayni, `Umdat Al-Qari |
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Al-Qastalani, Irshad As-Sari |
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An-Nawawi, Sharh Sahih Muslim |
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Musa Shahin Lashin, Fath Al-Mun`em |
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Al-Mudhiri, At-Targhib Wat-Tarhib (Commentary by Sheik Mustafa `Umarah) |
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Al-Mubarakfuri, Tuhfat Al-Ahwazi |
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Al-Khatabi, Ma`alim As-Sunan |
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Lesson One
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Faith and Knowledge:
- Chapter One: The Sweetness of Faith
- Chapter Two: Pledging allegiance to Allah (Tawhīd) and avoiding major sins
- Chapter Three: The difference between he who commits sins (actions of Al-Jāhiliyyah) and he who has committed shirk (polytheism).
- Chapter Four: Reliance on Allah’s will to give guidance.
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Lesson Two
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Purification:
- Chapter One: One should not repeat ablution if in doubt unless one is certain
- Chapter Two: One of the major sins is to not protect oneself from urine
- Chapter Three: The sweat of Junub does not make a Muslim impure
- Chapter Four: A woman should rub herself (with musk) after her menses are over
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Lesson Three
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Prayers:
- Chapter One: During prayer one should face the Qiblah regardless of location
- Chapter Two: Opinions regarding the prostration of forgetfulness
- Chapter Three: Prayer in a church
- Chapter Four: The superiority of whoever builds a mosque
- Chapter Five: The sin of the person who passes in front of a praying person
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Lesson Four
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Times of Prayer:
- Chapter One: The five prayers are expiations (for sins)
- Chapter Two: One who forgets a prayer should offer it when he remembers it
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Lesson Five
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Adhān(Call to Prayer):
- Chapter One: The saying of a person: “We have missed the prayer.”
- Chapter Two: The reward of the person who waits for the prayer in the mosque
- Chapter Three: Complaining about the Imam`s prolonging of the prayer.
- Chapter Four: If someone bowed behind the rows
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Lesson Six
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Friday and `Īds (Feasts):
- Chapter One: Excellence of taking a bath on Friday
- Chapter Two: When the Imām sees a person entering the mosque during the Khutbah he should order him to pray two Rak`ahs before sitting.
- Chapter Three: The prayers of the two `īds and what is legislated in them.
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Lesson Seven
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Tahajjud Prayer at Night:
- Chapter One: Tahajjud Prayer
- Chapter Two: It is disliked to exaggerate in matters of worship.
- Chapter Three: Istikhārah (prayer for guidance) and the Nawāfil being prayed as two rak`ahs
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Lesson Eight
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Funerals:
- Chapter One: The order to follow the funeral procession.
- Chapter Two: Visiting the Graves
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Lesson Eleven
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Fasting:
- Chapter One: The superiority of observing fasting
- Chapter Two: Fasting on the day of ‘Āshūrā’
- Chapter Three: Fasting on the Day of Slaughter
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Lesson Twelve
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Sales & Transactions :
- Chapter One: A seller should not urge somebody to cancel a bargain in order to sell him his own goods
- Chapter Two: Whoever takes the money of the people with the intention of repaying it or spoiling it
- Chapter Three: Prohibition of wasting money.
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